1957 Cache County Annual Report of Agricultural and Home Demonstration Extension Work;
Agricultural extension work--Publications--Utah--Cache County; Home economics extension work--Publications--Utah--Cache County;
Annual report of extension service, 1957. County extension agents -- Cache County, State of Utah. From November 1, 1956 to October 31, 1957. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.;
Tueller, Lamont E.; Olsen, Gerald R.; Lemon, Bessie R.;
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, University Extension Service Reports, University Archives, 19.1/1:47 Boxes 8, 8a, 9, 10, 11;
Utah State University. Cooperative Extension Service; United States. Office of Cooperative Extension Work;
Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Libraries USU Archives curator, phone (435) 797-0894.;
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library;
University Extension Service Reports, University Archives, 19.1/1:47 Boxes 8, 8a, 9, 10, 11
Extension, Enterprise, and Education: the Legacy of Co-operatives and Cooperation in Utah Digital Collection;
application/pdf
eng;
Text;
Cache County (Utah);
1950-1959; 20th century;
1956 Cache County Annual Report of Agricultural and Home Demonstration Extension Work;
Annual report of extension service, 1956. County extension agents -- Cache County, State of Utah. From November 1, 1955 to October 31, 1956. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.;
Annual Report of Extension Work, Cache County, 1957
Home economics; Extension Work; Publications; Reports; Livestock; Community; Girls' Clubs;
Annual report of extension service, 1957. County extension agents -- Cache County, Utah from November 1, 1956 to October 31, 1957. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, University Extension Service Reports, University Archives, 19.1/1:47 Box 11
Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives (435) 797-2663.
University Extension Service Reports, University Archives, 19.1/1:47
Extension, Enterprise, Education - Legacy of Co-operatives and Cooperations in Utah Digital Collection
application/pdf;
Cache County, Utah, United States, http://sws.geonames.org/5772317;
20th century; 1950-1959;
Annual Report of Extension Work, Cache County, 1956
Annual report of extension service, 1956. County extension agents -- Cache County, Utah from November 1, 1955 to October 31, 1956. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.
1953 Cache County Annual Report of Agricultural and Home Demonstration Extension Work;
Annual report of extension service, 1953. County extension agents -- Cache County, State of Utah. From November 1, 1952 to October 31, 1953. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.;
Tueller, Lamont E.; Sjoblom, Wallace D.; Kearsley, Amy R.;
Annual Report of Extension Work, Cache County, 1953
Annual report of extension service, 1953. County extension agents, Cache County, Utah from November 1, 1952 to October 31, 1953. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.
1954 Cache County Annual Report of Agricultural and Home Demonstration Extension Work;
Annual report of extension service, 1954. County extension agents -- Cache County, State of Utah. From November 1, 1953 to October 31, 1954. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.;
Tueller, Lamont E.; Sjoblom, Wallace D.; Lemon, Bessie R.;
Annual report of County Extension Agents, Cache County, 1954
Annual report of extension service, 1954. County extension agents -- Cache County, Utah from November 1, 1953 to October 31, 1954. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.
1955 Cache County Annual Report of Agricultural and Home Demonstration Extension Work;
Annual report of extension service, 1955. County extension agents -- Cache County, State of Utah. From November 1, 1954 to October 31, 1955. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.;
Tueller, Lamont E.; Smith, Lloyd; Lemon, Bessie R.;
Annual Report of Extension Work, Cache County, 1955
Annual report of extension service, 1955. County extension agents -- Cache County, Utah from November 1, 1954 to October 31, 1955. Annual reports narrate the agricultural extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on irrigation, weed control, community improvement projects, livestock, grazing, insect control, and seed certification programs, as well as Home Economic extension work carried out in Cache County, including reports on projects regarding food preparation, home management, clothing, beautification, Girl's Clubs, livestock, home reading, and local community projects.
Peggy Tueller Oral History Interview Transcript, April 23, 2018
Logan Rotary club; oral history; 100 years; anniversary; Tueller, Peggy; transcript;
This transcript is derived from an audio file containing a recorded interview with Peggy Tueller regarding the history of the Logan Rotary club.
Tueller, Peggy; Patton, Cody; Proctor, Tammy;
Utah State University Merrill Cazier-Library Special Collections and Archives, Manuscript Collection 234, Box 1, Folder 14, Item 8.
Utah State University Merrill-Cazier Library
Peggy Tueller Oral History Interview Audio Recording, April 23, 2018
Logan Rotary club; oral history; 100 years; anniversary; Tueller, Peggy; audio;
This audio file contains a recorded interview with Peggy Tueller regarding the history of the Logan Rotary club.
Utah State University Merrill Cazier-Library Special Collections and Archives, Manuscript Collection 234, Box 1, Folder 14, Item 9g.
Refugees, families, Immigration & culture, social justice
Clip from Tun Lay interview, May 16, 2015
Tun Lay
Tun Lay talks about his journey from Burma to Logan, Utah. He describes his time spent in refugee camps and the differences between his life then and his life now.
Tun Lay--Photographs;
Close profile shot of Tun Lay with lots of light.
Tun Lay, 1954-
Gill, Meagan
Chit Moe
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project, FOLK COLL 58
Digitized by : Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library
Hanks, Bethany
Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Special Collections and Archives, phone (435) 797-2663;
Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project
An inventory for this collection can be found at : http://nwda.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv67608
Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project Digital Collection
Photographs;
image/jpeg;
710750 Bytes
eng; kar
Image; Still Image;
Karen State; Thailand; Salt Lake City, Salt Lake Couty, Utah; United States; Logan, Cache Valley, Utah, United States;
Tun Lay interview transcript, May 16, 2015
Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 1 CACHE VALLEY REFUGEE ORAL HISTORY PROJECT TRANSCRIPTION COVER SHEET Interviewee: Tun Lay Present: Tun Lay, Bethany Hanks, Chit Moe, Wes Van de Water, Meagan Gill Place of Interview: Tun Lay’s home in Logan, Utah Date of Interview: May 16, 2015 Language(s): Pwo Karen; English Translation: Interviewer: Bethany Hanks Interpreter: Chit Moe Recordist: Wes Van de Water Photographer: Meagan Gill Recording Equipment: Tascam DR-100mk11 linear PCM recorder; Senal ENG-18RL broadcast-quality omnidirectional dynamic microphone Transcription Equipment: Express Scribe with PowerPlayer foot pedal. Transcribed by: Susan Gross, May 17, 2015 Transcript Proofed by: Bethany Hanks, May 18, 2015 Brief Description of Contents: Tun Lay describes his life as a Karen refugee. He talks about his life in Burma during war, and the hardships placed on him by the Burmese military in trying to earn a living as a farmer. He explains how he escaped from Burma to Thailand refugee camps, and how he eventual brought his wife and child to live with him there. Tun Lay recounts his experiences in various refugee camps (including fleeing villages burned by Burmese military, his religious path, and family), and also how he eventually came to the United States (first Salt Lake City, Utah; followed by Logan, Utah). He discusses how he came to live in Cache Valley, Utah, and how he has adjusted to living and working in the United States. Reference: BH = Bethany Hanks BHI = Bethany Hanks’ words interpreted by translator TL = Tun Lay TLI = Tun Lay’s words interpreted by translator WV = Wes Van de Water WVI = Wes Van de Water’s words interpreted by translator MG = Meagan Gill MGI = Meagan Gill’s words interpreted by translator Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 2 NOTE: Interjections during pauses or transitions in dialogue such as “uh” and false starts and stops in conversations are not included in transcribed. All additions to transcript are noted with brackets. TAPE TRANSCRIPTION [00:01] BH: Okay. Today is May 16, 2015, and this is Bethany Hanks with Wes Van de Water and Meagan Gill. We are students at Utah State University, and we are working on a project called “Voices: Refugees in Cache Valley.” Right now we are visiting Tun Lay in his home, in Logan, Utah, and Chit Moe is our translator. So, first of all thank you, Tun Lay, for letting us come here into your home. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] BH: First, I would like to know what is your full name, and your birth year? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: My name is Tun Lay and I was born in 1958. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Oh, 1954. I’m sorry, 1954. BH: Okay. Thank you. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And May 28th, 1954. BH: Okay, thank you. And what languages do you speak? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He speaks Karen, Pwo Karen and Burmese, but right now we are speaking Pwo Karen. BH: Okay; so not Burmese? Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 3 TLI: No, it’s not Burmese. BH: Okay; very cool. Can you tell me about your family? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yes. BH: So, do you have other family members? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He has a family here, but not relatives. BH: Oh, okay. So you have family here, but not relatives? So like you have a brother and sister, or I don’t know if I quite understand? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I have a wife [laughs] – BH: Oh, okay. TLI: And three children – one is married (and he is in Arizona), and the other two live with me. BH: Wow, so they live here? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yes, two live with him, and the other one is in Arizona. BH: Okay. Were your children – were they born here? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 4 TLI: No, none. BH: None? Where did you live before? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Before I was in Burma in the city called Tun Aung; the name of the city is Tun Aung. [Translator speaking to interviewer] Should I spell it? BH: Yeah, how do you spell that? TLI: Tun Aung (I think): T-U-N A-U-N-G. Tun Aung. [Translator speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: P-U, actually. It’s P-U. BH: P-U-N? TLI: No, just P-U. BH: Oh, just P-U? [04:02] TLI: Pu Aung. BH: Pu Aung. TLI: That’s the name of the city. BH: Wow. Can you tell me a little about this city? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Ever since I was born in that city, I grew up; when I got old I married to my wife, then we moved to Thailand and now we’re in America. But I can tell you step by step of the process of what I’ve been through. BH: I would love to hear, step by step, the process. Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 5 BHI: [Repeating remark in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, he is going to explain it step by step. BH: Okay. TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So when I got married I had one kid. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So my occupation was being a farmer and raising cows and other animals. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Me living in the United States, there are difficulties here. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Oh, it’s still in Burma, actually (my mistake). BH: In Burma? TLI: Yeah. So we faced difficulties in Pu Aung, in Burma. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So in Burma there are difficulties, meaning we were in fear of Burmese military, and we couldn’t do work freely. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So between Burmese military and the Karen military, they were in war and we were really scared. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So we couldn’t do our work when there was a war because the Burmese military would come to our village and take us as porters – you know, forcing us to do work for them. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 6 TLI: So if they couldn’t find us, they would go to our work place and kind of drag us to where they wanted to take us; if not, they would come at night and just force us – just drag us out of our house. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Living there was really difficult, and I couldn’t do any work; so moving around and I ended up in Thailand. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I was just following strangers, being stranded, and that’s how I got to Thailand. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So living in Thailand many, many years I have learned and found the U.N., which is a great organization which helps the refugees: they give food and shelter. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] [08:39] TLI: So from what I see from what I learned, I wanted my wife to come to Thailand in a refugee camp. So I started telling her to do the same process, you know, asking strangers for a ride, being stranded; and that’s how she also got to a Thailand refugee camp. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So living there many, many years I had two children. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So living there for many, many years again, we were given like a photo ID for living in a refugee camp (like a permanent resident thing). TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Responding to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So after a few years we learned that the UN were telling people that they could go to other countries (like United States, Australia). And then they told us that we had to fill out an application, and we did it. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 7 TLI: So many people in a refugee camp came to such other countries, and I was also one of them. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So in June it will be – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: In June 11th of this year it will be – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: It will be seven years of my family living in Utah, in the United States. BH: Wow. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Living here is very, very peaceful, happy for me and my family; I have work, I have food, I mean, there is nothing to worry about (like being free, peaceful), you know, being free. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I am very, very happy, and I am very glad I am in this state and in this country. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So everything I was born living in Burma was really difficult, and there was many difficulties; and there are many, many things that I have faced that I just can’t talk about it all at the same time because there are just many, many difficulties. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And my family and I are very, very thankful to the UN, which they provided us food and shelter; we are very, very thankful to them. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, being in Utah is the same thing: many people help us out, you know, getting us a house (for example), and yeah – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 8 TLI: So when I first came to the United States I was in Salt Lake for a year, and now I am in Logan for almost six years. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] [12:25] TLI: And I am very happy for being in Logan, and I have a job in JBS, and I have worked there for almost seven years. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Just like that. BH: Wow. So you mentioned going from Burma to Thailand, and it sounds like you would take rides from strangers. Can you describe a little bit more about maybe what the journey was like going from Burma to Thailand? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So number one key is between Burma and Thailand, there were a lot of people who were like transporter (I would say): they would do business across each country – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Okay, some people would hire other people – I mean, some people would go to Thailand, buy a lot of food, and then they would hire people and take it back to Burma and sell it there. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I was one of the people who got hired. I was carrying bags, you know, back and forth and that’s how I got to Thailand. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And when I got to Thailand I saw Thai people, you know, they were hiring people to do work, and I was one of the workers in there as well. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So from there, working there for a few months – as I was crossing from Thailand to Burma, I saw a refugee camp (which I also heard about it), and that’s when I started going to the refugee camp asking people, maybe to see if there is anyone I know, and Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 9 people were telling me that, “It’s better here,” you know, “we have food; we are stuffed. You should come and live over here.” TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And that’s when I tell my wife and my child to also come up to the refugee camp to live with me. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And living there many, many years – that’s when that organization, they were you know, taking applications; and that’s how I got here. BH: Okay; wow. After you fill out an application, is it difficult to get into the camp – the refugee camp? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] [16:16] TLI: So there was no application to get to the refugee camp. What you do is that you go talk to – so in the refugee camp there is a certain section where they put you in – you just go talk to the leader, just talk to him or her, and then he would like take you to another person who is like the leader for the whole camp. And then that’s when you started telling your story, and that’s when they can tell whether you’re lying, or whether you’re telling the truth and how difficult your life was; and that’s how they accept me to live in the camp. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So why they were asking me questions, you know, how my life was, I have to tell the truth and later on they would have to, you know, figure out whether that’s the truth or not. If it’s true, then they let me live in there; if not, then no. BH: Okay. Was it difficult for your wife and your child to also come over? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 10 TLI: There was no difficulty for my wife and child to come to the refugee camp because I was already there, and all I had to do was tell the leader – tell him that my wife is coming, and he would be like, “Okay, that’s fine.” But the difficulty was for my wife and child to get to the refugee camp – that was one of the difficulties. Because fortunately my wife speaks Burmese, so sometimes she would speak in Burmese and people would think, “Oh, she’s Burmese, just let her go.” And sometimes the military would think that, “Oh, this is a very pitiful family, just let them go.” And that’s how they got to the refugee camp. BH: Wow. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] [Tun Lay’s daughter and one of his sons enter the room. His daughter greets everyone.] BH: Hello. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So for me and my family, on my way to the refugee camp, we have met with Karen military, and they were very nice, very generous; they helped us – [Tun Lay’s daughter drops something on the floor; she apologizes.] TLI: You know, they help us get to another place and they were really nice. BH: Okay. So was it dangerous at all – that trip from Burma to Thailand? I’m just wondering if – because it sounds like you rely a lot on strangers – is that difficult to do, is that scary? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] [19:56] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So one thing is that once you reach the border between Burma and Thailand, it’s easier – you can just walk to the refugee camp with nothing to worry about. BH: Okay. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Once you reach Thailand border – you can either walk there or take a ride from the Thai military, and you can just pay them $5 or $10. BH: Wow. So can you describe for me a little what your surroundings were in the refugee camp – like what it looked like? Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 11 BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So when I was in the refugee camp there was a city called Kue Bong [??] (I don’t know how to spell that), but Kue Bong – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So you know, like I said, there was a city really close to the refugee camp; in that camp – we lived there for a few years, and then Burmese military were coming and they burned the whole village down. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And then we started, after the Burmese military were coming to burn our refugee camp, we moved to another camp, which is called – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Speaking to the interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Kue Bong was the first refugee camp that I was in, and after a few years the Burmese military were coming, burned down the village; and then I got to another town which is called – [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Kwe Ka Lu [??] TL: Kwe Ka Lu TLI: Kwe Ka Lu. K-something. Got it? BH: Kwe Ka Lu TLI: Um-hmm. [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 12 TLI: And living there for one and a half years, the Burmese military were there again, and they burned the village down and we started – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So after when the Burmese military were coming and, you know, burning the village down we got help from the UN. They took us over the mountains, and we started living on a mountain – it’s called Umpium camp right now. A lot of Karen people were there as well; it is on a mountain. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So I can still remember the year that I got to the Umpium camp – it was 1999. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So starting from 1999, I lived in the Umpium camp all the way until 2008; and that’s when I started coming to the United States. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: June 11th, 2008, was the date I departed from the refugee camp. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And I lived in Salt Lake for one year, and now I’m here in Logan for six years. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yep, that’s pretty much it. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Living here is really a good thing for me, you know; you can go anywhere you want, you have a job. I’m really happy. [24:40] BH: That’s good. Let’s see – so can you tell me a little about your first months here, in the United States; and maybe the problems and the difficulties, but maybe also the good things that you saw? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 13 TLI: When I first arrived in the United States my family, we were put in a house (like in an apartment), and people were saying, “Later on, if you guys cannot pay the rent, you guys will be kicked out.” And we were really worried, you know, and that was one of the fears that we had in our first month. And after a few months we had to do like a community service at CCS (in Salt Lake) where we had to go and give food to the people (I think they are the homeless, I think that’s the service). And after a few months I heard about the JBS and I came here, got a job, and that’s when I asked my family to move here. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So you know, in that first month there wasn’t a lot to do; but on the second month, like I said, I had to do service at CCS (it was fun), and I had to do it two days a week, and the other two days was me going to school to learn English. [27:59] BH: Wow. So when you came to the United States, did you have any prior knowledge of English? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: No, not at all; my wife, my children – nobody knows English. BH: Wow. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And I only know how to read Burmese, specifically. BH: Wow. So did that make it difficult to interact with people when you first moved here? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: It wasn’t really difficult because I was speaking with other Karen communities; and if I wanted to talk to an English speaker we had it translated. BH: Okay. Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 14 TLI: So there wasn’t any difficulties. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So if we wanted to go buy groceries, we would ask someone who came here before us, you know, who has a car – and we would ask them to take us to buy food, groceries. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So if we needed help with anything we would go to IRC (it’s also in Salt Lake) and they have translators over there, you know; they have people that can help you with what you need. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Like I said, if we need help we can go to IRC, CCS or another place – it’s called DWS (it’s Department of Workforce Services); and they also have translators over there, you know. We would like ask someone who came before us to take us over there, or sometimes DWS will come and pick us up personally. BH: Wow. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So everybody surrounding me here – like all the Americans – they were really nice; they helped us in many ways. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And that is why I am living here really happy, my family is really happy. BH: That’s good. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] BH: So the reason why you moved to Logan was to work at JBS? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 15 TLI: Yes, that is correct. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So you know, when I was hired at JBS I worked there for one year. And then after that I went back to Salt Lake and I told my family to move with me to Logan, in this apartment (this house), and I haven’t moved ever since. BH: Wow. So I wonder if you could describe for me sort of the differences in food? Maybe some things that you used to eat in Burma, that maybe you can’t find here, or maybe you can? Maybe just a little bit about the food of your culture. BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So I have no problem eating American food here – it’s better than what I used to eat back there. BH: Okay. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, there are more food here than back in the refugee camp. BH: So what kind of food was available in the refugee camp? [33:06] BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: There are many, many foods. One is rice – they gave us oil, and beans, and – [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And peppers – chili; yeah, a lot of food – like food that is very sufficient for each family. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: They gave us food like once a month. Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 16 BH: Okay. So what kinds of food do you like to eat now that you’re here, in the United States? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He said there are many; there is a lot of food in America (like chicken, fish) – I just, I like everything. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] [Laughs] TLI: There are a lot of food, like – yeah, I just like everything. BH: Okay. So I wanted to ask how people respond when they find out you’re from Burma? I know you said in Salt Lake the people were really friendly, and so I just want to see if that’s still the case, or if people respond differently? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So when I got to the United States, I mean even when someone asked me where I’m from, “Burma.” “Yeah, okay.” There wasn’t any negative thing. BH: Okay, that’s good. Can you tell me a little about your home here, and how it’s different from your home in Burma? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So it’s really different here, houses – to describe it, it’s perfect, you know. But in Burma it’s very different, you have to build your own home; you have to use like bamboo to build it. And you have to make your own walls, but they’re not tight walls and wind can go through any time. It was really different from here. BH: Wow. What would you like people in Logan to know about you, or your family, or your ethnic group? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] [37:22] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 17 TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He is not very clear on the question. BH: Let’s see if I can ask it a different way. Is there anything that you would like to share with the people around here that maybe they don’t know, or you wish they knew? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So I have a different message, you know: I want people to know – before that, I believe in God, and I want people to know that one day everybody will have a chance to live in heaven. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So I kind of asked him to make sure he understand that question, and – BH: Um-hmm? TLI: He said that there isn’t anything that he really wants to share because he feels that other people, you know, (other American people) I’m sure they have faced many difficulty as well (getting here) – maybe back in the day or something. So it’s probably the same story. BH: Okay. Would you ever be interested in going back to Burma? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I’m very happy here. I do feel like going back, but I don’t want to go back because my parents, my brothers – I don’t know where they are; in Burma, I don’t know where they’re at and I don’t want to go back. BH: Okay. What are you most proud of? TLI: Here, or? BH: Yeah, I would say what are you most proud of out of all of this: your experiences and traveling? Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 18 BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I’m very proud, you know, to live each day being healthy and being happy day after day. So yeah, that’s what I’m really proud of. [41:20] BH: Thank you. And do you have any dreams for the future – either for yourself, or for your children? BHI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: For me, my family, my children, my family, my wife – for my family – I don’t have any dreams for us, but I do believe in God and I pray for us (for me and for my family) you know, to be healthy, to stay happy. Yeah. BH: Okay. I think those are all of my questions. But before we end, I just want to see if any of my colleagues have one as well. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, you guys can ask questions. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: If I know the answer, I will answer it; but if I don’t, I don’t. WV: I’m just kind of curious who plays the guitar in the family – is that yours? WVI: [Repeating the question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, I used to – every Sunday when I pray with my family – I used to play the guitar every Sunday. WV: Nice. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 19 TLI: According to my religion, my Bible, it said that when you’re praying, you know, when you’re praying and asking for God’s help, you must play a song (you know, play with the guitar). BH: Wow. TLI: And so I’m doing it every Sunday. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I believe that – I know that we can’t see God, but I know God can help us in a way. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And how do I know this is because I am very healthy every day, and I have been doing work here for almost seven years and I am very healthy – and I know that God is helping me. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And at the same time I want to tell people that God is helping us, but if they want to listen, then I can tell them; if you don’t want to listen, then I don’t have to tell them. BH: Do you have any questions? MG: Yeah. What is your favorite thing about Cache Valley? What is your favorite thing to do here? MGI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He doesn’t know what his favorite thing is. Is there an example you can give? MG: Hiking, camping – MGI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] [45:37] TLI: No, I haven’t done that – hiking or camping; I’ve just been driving around the city, going back to Salt Lake and eating at restaurants sometimes. Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 20 TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] [Laughs] TLI: Yeah, I’ve never been hiking. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: But I would like to go one day. BH: So actually, I thought of a couple more questions – if that’s okay? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, that’s fine. TL: [Laughs] BH: Okay. So you mentioned the guitar, and playing music is an important part of your religious observance – so I was just wondering if you could kind of describe your religious community; sort of, things about your religion? BHI: Community? BH: Yeah BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: I know that every religion has different beliefs, and there are different ways how you can pray to God; but my way is I read the Bible every day, and that’s how I understand God’s word. I remember when I was in the refugee camp, you know, and living there for eight years, I was going around to different religions, you know, listening to people giving speeches. One day I met this priest, you know, he taught me many valuable things, and he even asked me to be an heir priest – is that how you say it? Well, yeah. BH: Like an apprentice? TLI: Well to become the next priest. BH: Okay; to be like the replacement after him? TLI: Yes, yes. Yeah, he even asked me to become that – or if he has to go somewhere else, you know, I’d be taking his position to do all the religious things in the church. Yeah. Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 21 TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So there are lots of gods; Americans call him Jesus, but the thing is you need to know which one is real, you know, which one is the real God. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So whether there are many gods, or just one God – if anybody want to listen, I can tell them the story. BH: If you want to share. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So there is only one God that I believe in, you know; he cannot be sick, or he can heal – he can get all or any other things. Before anybody (any human being) exists, he lived here before, and he created the Earth, trees, everything. [50:20] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Another type of God is who can die, who heals, and it is called – [Speaking to interviewee in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And in Burmese it is called [Pwo Karen word] TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And the easier way to say is Pe Synga Piya[??] BH: Pe Synga – TLI: Piya. Pe Synga Piya. Yeah. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And he is a God that can die, and you know, and can’t heal people. And he is the God that the particular God created. Do you understand that? BH: He would – Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 22 TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So the one person God – he created another person who is also God, but he can die. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: If it’s God Jesus – there is only one Jesus. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And he is everybody – for everybody’s God. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: He can’t die, you know, he can’t get old – he is the only one. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: There is a guarantee, you know, that if anybody believe that there is God, that one particular person will be in heaven. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So if you believe God, you know, you have to follow his words; you have to read the Bible, you have to do what the Bible says. BH: So I have just one more question. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: That’s fine. BH: You seem very interested in religion, and so I was wondering if that was a part of your life before you came to the refugee camp, or if that’s something that you really became interested in once you got to the refugee camps? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] [53:11] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 23 TLI: So I was really, really interested in God in the year 1999, and that was when I got to the refugee camp called Umpium; and that was when I was really interested in religion. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: So in the refugee camp there are a lot of people who just go around the camp, you know, telling stories, sharing God’s word, you know. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And I would go all over the place to listen to their speeches, you know; it can be night, or it can be day. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Why I wanted to know that is because I believe God is good, and you know – TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And you know, like I say, I started listening to those speeches every day, and that’s where I learned knowledge, you know, about religion. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And I understood a lot of words that – well, the speakers’ word. TL: [Laughs] BH: Very neat. So there were not very many people in Burma who spoke of these different religions? I guess I’m just wondering why it was so prevalent in the refugee camp – was it the same way in Burma? BHI: [Repeating question in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: No; I didn’t see any in Burma. BH: Wow. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Yeah, I started seeing it in the refugee camp. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project: Tun Lay Page 24 TLI: So when I was in Burma, I heard of such religions, but I had never seen it. BH: Okay. TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: When I first got to the refugee camp, you know, I was asked, “Do you know God? Do you know the real one, you know, the one that can heal, the one that can’t get old?” So I’m like, “Well God is good, so yes – I want to know.” TL: [Speaking in Pwo Karen.] TLI: And now that I know a lot about God, you know, I do want to share it with people, to those who want to listen; but if you don’t want to listen, that’s okay. BH: So I think we are almost out of time, unfortunately – because we only have so much time that we can record on here. But it has been fascinating to listen to you. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] [Laughs] TLI: Thank you. BH: Thank you very much. BHI: [Repeating in Pwo Karen.] TL: [Responding in Pwo Karen.] TLI: Thank you. BH: So I think that’s the end of the interview. BHI: [Repeating statement in Pwo Karen.] [End recording – 57:20]
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project, FOLK COLL 69
Hanks, Bethany, 1989
Gross, Susan
An inventory for this collection can be found at : http://nwda.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv67619
transcripts;
182560 Bytes
Burma, Thailand, Salt Lake City, Logan (Utah)
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Cache Valley Refugee Oral History Project, FOLK COLL 68
An inventory for this collection can be found at : http://nwda.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv67618
oral histories (document genre);
audio/mp3
55056796 Bytes
Sound;
Close up photo of Tun Lay when he lived in Salt Lake City seven years ago.
Tun Lay, 1958-
555139 Bytes
Photo of Tun Lay when he lived in Salt Lake City seven years ago; picture taken farther away.
577842 Bytes
Long profile shot of Tun Lay with side lighting a bit darker.
811090 Bytes
Picture of a food cover that people would use even in Karen State to protect food from pests.
805630 Bytes
Tun Lay holds his guitar that he plays for religious services on Sundays; darker lighting in picture .
702741 Bytes
Decorative floor rugs that the Karen people use to cover carpet because it is easier to clean while protecting the carpeting.
2922828 Bytes
Shot of Tun Lay's guitar as it rests on its stand.
817357 Bytes
Wes Van de Water, Bethany Hanks, Tun Lay, and Chit Moe
Chit Moe & Tun Lay are discussing a question asked by Bethany.
1059021 Bytes
Tun Lay is responding to a question while looking down at paper listing the interview questions.
948281 Bytes
Tun Lay is answering a question asked by Bethany during the interview process.
996665 Bytes
Tun Lay holds his guitar that he plays for religious services on Sundays; picture has more light.
684165 Bytes
Picture of Tun Lay’s Karen flag that is on his living room wall.
775229 Bytes
Bear
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Taxidermy; Bears
Stuffed bear in the corner of the Bear Room of the main house shot by a ranch hand on a pack trip.
Turner, Amanda
Garner, A.Ross, 1990-
Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections & Archives, Jackson Hole Dude Ranching Tradition: Triangle X Folk Coll 64, Item
Digitized by: Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library.
Jones, Michelle, 1995-
Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Libraries Special Collections & Archives, (435) 797-8248.
Jackson Hole Dude Ranching Tradition:Triangle X
image/jpeg
2336516 Bytes
eng
Image; StillImage
Long Island, New York; Jackson, Wyoming; Triangle X Ranch; University of Notre Dame, Indiana
Bear Room, Main House, Triangle X Ranch, Grand Teton National Park, Teton County, Wyoming
21st century; 2010-2019
Amanda Turner, standing in the Bear Room, August 6, 2017
Photogrpah of Amanda Turner, standing in the Bear Room
Bear Room; Main House
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole
Amanda Turner standing in front of a log wall in the Bear Room.
1040892 Bytes
Harold Turner and tractor, August 1, 2017 (2 of 2)
Image of Harold Turner and tractor (2 of 2)
Dude ranching; Landscape; Vernacular architecture
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Tractors
Harold Turner by tractor during field school tour of Triangle X ranch, Grand Tetons National Park.
Turner, Harold, 1937-
Gabbert, Lisa, 1968-
5142085 Bytes
Triangle X ranch
Western style saddle; Rope; Saddle bags
Western style saddles with rope and saddle bags.
1714884 Bytes
Harold Turner explaining horse roster, August 1, 2017
Image of Harold Turner explaining horse roster
Horse roster; Wrangler
Harold Turner explaining the horse roster system with large white board behind him with horse names.
1017318 Bytes
Horse blankets and bridles, August 1, 2017
Gack room; Horse blankets; Bridles
Horse blankets and bridles inside the tack room.
2151098 Bytes
Triangle X Horses and Tetons, July 30, 2017
Horses; Riding; Dude ranching; Scenery
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Teton Range (Wyo. and Idaho)
Horses from Triangle X grazing in field across highway from ranch.
Thomas, Jeannie Banks, 1964-
2395871 Bytes
Triangle X Ranch, Grand Teton National Park
Harold Turner at stables, August 1, 2017
Rancher; Dude ranching
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Stables
1331662 Bytes
Vernacular architecture; Outbuildings; Dude ranching
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Log cabins
3431486 Bytes
Vernacular architecture; Hats; Dude ranching
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Hats
Hats on outside of Triangle X guest cabin
173907 Bytes
Image of Harold Turner during his interview
Interviews; Dude ranching
1331645 Bytes
Field school; Students; Vernacular architecture; Corral; Dude ranching
Dude ranches--Wyoming--Jackson Hole; Corrals
Field school student CJ Guadarama in Triangle X corral.
1332809 Bytes
Jamie Turner during her interview, August 10, 2017
Image of Jamie Turner during her interview
Jubal House; Triangle X; Dude ranching; Turner family
Interviewer Rebecca Goodson talking to Interviewee Jamie Turner in the living room of the Jubal House on the Triangle X Ranch.
Turner, Jamie
787196 Bytes
Jubal House, Triangle X Ranch, Grand Teton National Park, United States;
Jamie Turner wearing Louise Turner's bracelet, August 10, 2017
Image of Jamie Turner wearing Louise Turner's bracelet
Triangle X; Dude ranching; Turner family; Jewelry
Jamie Turner wearing a bracelet that was originally her grandmother-in-law's.
938850 Bytes
Jamie Turner in front of Jubal House, August 10, 2017
Image of Jamie Turner in front of Jubal House
Triangle X; Dude ranching
Portrait of Jamie Turner in front of the Jubal House, Triangle X Ranch.
744220 Bytes
Jamie Turner's portrait, August 10, 2017
Portrait of Jamie Turner in front of the Jubal House, Triangle X Ranch
617892 Bytes
John 'Tote' F. Turner in his office, August 9, 2017
Image of John 'Tote' F. Turner in his office
HUB Insurance
Tote Turner in his insurance office with painted western scene behind him.
Turner, John Francis 'Turner', 1970
Jones, Michelle, 1995
699006 Bytes
HUB Insurance, Jackson, Teton County, Wyoming
John Freeland Turner next to wagon, August 7, 2017
Image of John Freeland Turner next to wagon
Triangle X; Dude Ranch; Sheep camp; Wagon; Cabin
John Freeland Turner standing next to wagon at his refurbished sheep camp at his home in Jackson, WY.
Turner, John Freeland
Shankar, Guha
Kruesi, Margaret, 1953; Williams, Randy, 1961
2605961 Bytes
John Freeland Turner's home in Jackson, WY
John Freeland Turner being interviewed in his home, August 7, 2017
Image of John Freeland Turner being interviewed
Triangle X; Dude Ranch
John Freeland Turner being Interviewed in his home for the dude ranch folklife project by Randy Williams and Maggie Kruesi.
3810438 Bytes
John Freeland Turner on the porch of his home, August 7, 2017
Image of John Freeland Turner on the porch of his home
John Freeland Turner on the porch of his home in Jackson, WY.
1821731 Bytes